Let me talk about foreign aggression. Even after the war of independence, we can easily imagine tha

The author believes that the parties in the two sides to put aside their differences, each step back, to discuss a consensus acceptable to most people, the United States in 1787 of the Constitutional Convention (Constitutional Convention) it is sufficient as we learn. Powerful USA Today, at the beginning of the founding of the situation, in fact, that we can scarcely imagine, difficult; and to establish a unified federal government, the parliament and the courts, usis then the states and partisan usis differences is probably even more than today's Taiwan. usis But then all Americans agree that only the federal government usis to establish a unified, usis shared usis by the states in order to resolve the difficulties faced. Under insight efforts, states can no longer adhere to its own stand together to create a significant in American history, "the great compromise" (Great Compromise of 1787). usis
This article aims to introduce the American usis Convention. In addition to the familiar George. Washington (George Washington) and Benjamin. Franklin (Benjamin Franklin), but in this article you will know James. Madison (James Madison), Alexander. Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton), William. Patterson (William Paterson), Roger. Sherman (Roger Sherman) and classical promise. Morris (Gouverneur Morris). You will see among the Constituent Assembly, although usis the parties in the position of each owner, but in the end both sides can put aside their prejudices and to compromise with each other, creating a still enough to be used as a model for the U.S. Constitution, the establishment of a truly United usis States today.
Although the thirteen American colonies as early as 1783 it won the War of Independence (American Revolutionary War), but modern America is actually until after the 1787 Constituent Assembly, was formally established in 1789. In the United States just before the War of Independence thirteen separate colonies. In order to resist the British, thirteen colonies developed Confederation (Articles of Confederation) in 1777, the joint became a loose confederation called the United States. While in Washington, under the leadership of the newly formed Confederacy eventually defeated the British; But the people of the colony immediately found a loose confederation absolutely no ability to solve internal and external problems faced by the colony.
Let me talk about foreign aggression. Even after the war of independence, we can easily imagine that the British own the original thirteen colonies, still has ambitions territory. Although the Paris Peace Treaty (Treaty of Paris, 1783) re-painting set in the United States and the then British colony (today's equivalent of Canada) and the Spanish colonies (equivalent today of Mexico and the American Midwest) boundaries, but still a considerable number of British troops did not evacuate beyond borders. Spain is in trouble, attempting to usurp the right to use the Mississippi usis River. Weak confederation not only do not have enough military power to force the British to withdraw, it was incapable of handling the Spanish diplomatic dilemma.
Even more worrying is the worry. The lack of Confederate military government fundamental reason is the lack of tax revenue. According to the Articles of Confederation, usis the power to the people of the Confederacy did not taxed directly, only indirectly require states to pay taxes; rather than just pay part of many states, is simply refusing to pay. The confederation even lack of tax debts owed to the War of Independence are incompetent to settle, let alone maintain the army; while the lack of military confederation, and no ability to force the state tax is the main reason. No army of Confederate government, and even put down civil strife are powerless The irony is that one of several civil strife, is unable to get payroll and arrears soldiers waged course, only to let the British or Spanish mercy.
Insight of course deeply worried. Chief among them is Alexander from New York. Hamilton. Under the leadership of Hamilton, on behalf of several states held a meeting in Annapolis (Annapolis Convention) in 1786, called for a confederation to solve this pressing problem. The main requirement is to immediately usis convene a broader participation, more representative meetings. So confederation parliamentary resolution of May in 1787, was held in Independence Hall in Philadelphia Philadelphia Convention (Philadelphia Convention), invited to send representatives to participate in thirteen states, namely the United States Constitutional Convention (Constitutional Convention).
But interestingly, the U.S. Constitutional Convention is also a conference name correct words ring true, after all, there is no beginning confederation Parliament authorized them to develop powers of the Constitution. Throughout the meeting, there are many representatives questioned the legitimacy of the Constituent Assembly, with the words now, the Constituent Assembly is simply a black box. However, delegates eventually realize that the main purpose of the meeting is to solve the problem. usis If you develop a constitution is the best choice to solve the problem, then the delegates have a responsibility to the American people, as well as representatives usis of the people of the confederation council, made this the most effective solution. We can not but marvel delegates pragmatic attitude.
It is worth mentioning that the Constituent Assembly is also nothing wrong with a little black box touches. During the meeting the outset representative, the meeting is bound to occur due process usis differences, and may even have to change their stance on behalf of repeatedly; If the meeting is completely open in the community, interested parties may take advantage of the deputies repeated disagreements or fuss, create new divisions on the U.S. crisis. So in summer in Philadelphia, delegates at Independence Hall doors closed sat, sweating, lest walls have ears. Record of the meeting by the Chairman of the Washington custody, not open to the public If this is not a black box, what is the black box? But while there had been no record of the meeting open, the Constituent Assembly enacted the U.S. Constitution, it is by the state legislature usis after the meeting one by one through thirteen states. Therefore, although the United States usis Constitution is the product of a black box, but the absolute legitimacy of public opinion.
Big states usis and small states opposing point of contention to become the first major constitutional conference. There are a large state representatives and even threatened if the small states do not agree with the conclusions of a large state, so much self from the United States, you love to participate in small states do not participate willingly. Several representatives, including Franklin, including attempts to mediate in disputes, but both differences too deep, even suggested that the Constitutional Convention Franklin hired priest, a day before the meeting presided over a ceremony usis to pray, so that the Almighty God to guide the Constituent Assembly forward. But even this proposal are not absolute because the Constituent Assembly did not The funds ah.
Although it is a great compromise, but at the time the eyes of the participants, this compromise did not feel that great Madison, Hamilton and others support the highest usis representatives of the national government, usis and later claimed the Federalists (Federalists) group of people, Senate seats allocated according to the state average, too many concessions to the state's power to think; Patterson and other advocates on behalf of states' rights, later known as the Anti-Federalists (Anti-Federalists) group of people, you think of the House The allocation of seats according to the proportion of the population, much of the power of the federal concessions. Enter nigger slave states considered limited to the next 20 years, much of the damage to their own interests; while those who opposed slavery, the slavery even got to protect the Constitution, it is absurd thing.
In fact, this is indeed a compromise for the future development of the United States left a worry. The senators and representatives in different ways to produce, easy to cause the two houses were dominated by different parties, and cause confrontation between the House and Senate also have House and Senate Japan, called this phenomenon the "twisted Diet" (Torsion れ Congress ). Today, the U.S. House of Representatives Republican majority party (Republican Party), and Senate Majority Democrats (Democratic Party). Allow the consequences of slavery caused even more serious, usis nigger problem until 1861-1865 years, hundreds usis of thousands of casualties after the Civil War resolved.
According to my imagination, able to work out a constitution within a few months time, it should be a group of knowledgeable people Even without usis a PhD, at least that is graduating from college, right? But to my surprise was educated group of people is not high. Of course, no shortage of delegates as a graduate of New Jersey usis Institute (College usis of New Jersey, now Princeton University) in Madison and Patterson, or a graduate of King's College usis (King's College, Columbia University today) Hamilton; but also includes has not received much formal education, self-married Washington, Franklin usis and Sherman. But still enough to be used as a model for the countries of the United States Constitution, it is that a group of delegates do not have much knowledge to develop. We can not but admire these Constitutional Convention delegates.
And we need it most, like the United States might be such a realist and Morris Sherman. We have so many different ideals, is uncompromising idealist. But if you want the most people to accept the consensus in Taiwan society, then we must ask idealists compromise. Because we are Taiwanese, for our common future, the parties in both parties usis must put aside their differences to discuss a consensus acceptable to most people.
For the general reader, in the constitutional history usis of the United States, the most easy to read and easy transit may be "difficult leap - the birth of the United States Constitution and our reflection." There are good books to read websites. According to Yin Xuan Yi Zhongtian translation usis to rewrite the story novelist made - in China has been argued that for Yin Yi Zhongtian declared rewrite translations usis are serious infringement, but unfortunately Mr. Yin Xuan already dead, and it seems that it is destined to be a confused account of! Personally, usis I think Yi Zhongtian accountability framework of the story is very clear. Part of the contents of this article (eg Franklin talk about sunrise) Yi Zhongtian direct reference works. Manuscript. China three-fifths compromise great compromise Citizens Constitutional Constituent Assembly meeting The thirteen student movement in Taiwan Sunflower Connecticut Compromise Congress clothing trade distorting history Ideal for realism ism New Jersey Virginia program usis program United usis States Confederate nigger you really do not know the issue behind closed doors. usis Black box where? Examined the nine months which party is boycotting? Ching-Chung Chang 30 seconds too damn, Chen Chi-mai 20 seconds over the Assembly and Parade Law no problem? usis Rules of Procedure of the DPP is just fart, desirable to use, it is not desirable curse black box? Taiwanese people unconstitutional? Where is unconstitutional in the end? Feel should be considered for future reference so that international treaties unconstitutional? Well, there are 40 seats that the DPP legislators earlier than the application of constitutional interpretation constitutional interpretation threshold Why do not apply to existing people on both sides Relations Ordinance unconstitutional sentence ah? Have legal knowledge The people know that the only way to review the constitutionality of the unit called "Justice Conference," there is no unconstitutional you say? still need to "civil disobedience"? usis Since it is not obeyed, and also control usis this you do not like the Constitution The system doing? do not rush to take up guns revolution!
Wrote over popular travel guidebook style very brief history of the end of the half trying to get readers to actually accept the correct words ring true black box dwarfing trade demands is to replace national citizenship Constitutional Conference? Was government propaganda or a specific position usis Weirenzuojia or accept all? its heart negotiable I was the original author, simply reply to the criticism. Submission of this article usis was originally titled "opposing Taiwan society, is the time to sit down and talk! "Thanks to the editor of a large network critical comments that people do not abandon willing published, but the title was changed to" greatest "black box". " Honestly, I saw this new title is really applauded. By comparison, I had the title is too boring! (Original title point someone will want to come see it?) The subject obviously comes from my half-jokingly referred to in the article, the U.S. Constitutional Convention was "black box." But I actually have friends that black box in the vindication of Taiwan - Dude, "? This is not a title to kill, then what is the title of murder," I do not also mentioned in the article of the Constitution in the Constituent Assembly enacted afterwards after thirteen states The Parliament is absolutely in line with democratic procedures it? Back to decent. I wrote this article is intended, just as mentioned in the original title: Call for a meaningful dialogue, I hope both positive and negative sides are able to sit down and talk with sincerity; Tan Chen Yi when not too, become each crowned usis Field no intersection; usis necessary when the two sides should usis step back and seek consensus. Some people say, "Who does not know a good talk?" Unfortunately, just as there are users pointed out, some people usis still lack of dialogue sincerity, so call on these people sincerity and social dialogue usis was increasingly important. Does not name names here, but I think we should all know is not sincere dialogue "some people" who it is. That's it. Thank you to read this article!
If you want an analog current status of Taiwan and China, I think you should assume that if I had another year the main purpose of this meeting is not the United States united states, but to decide during the war (or just a false armistice ending the war), and whether Britain should sign free trade agreements economy, I believe usis you will immediately discover how ridiculous this assumption, as stated in the article in which you said, when the British still have territorial ambitions against the United States, because the United States unable to resist foreign enemies loosely structured, The same situation also occurred usis in Taiwan, China, Taiwan still harbored territorial ambitions, usis however, Taiwan's parliament not resist talking usis about inside the territorial ambitions of China, but to embrace usis the enemy to abandon their autonomy, indeed, if today China has is a democratic freedoms are already very developed country, I think the people of Taiwan should not be any doubt, but today is Chinese for doing much different, far you have been living in the United States on China's political structures have doubts, more Moreover, people living in Taiwan do?
Ha ha ha ~ said to help change the title of editor, it is obvious turn a little bit hard Lamma? Entire article rough calculations about "260" line, only the "37" line to sit down for talks with the statement of the relevant part , there are "223" line to state their view that the U.S. "black box" constitutional history, with the original title if it is not on the "irrelevant", your child's teacher will now essay "Flirting Scholar" in the "right to wear gut "the same? essay is only 1 /

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